Backpack
MiCA + MiFID II + PSD2. True perps, real stocks, daily ZK proofs.
Bitvavo
The Dutch retail leader. iDEAL, DNB supervision, spot only.
Finst
The lowest flat fee in the Netherlands (0.15%), MiCA via the AFM. Spot-only.
OKX EU
Fully licensed via Malta. X-Perps on crypto, stocks and commodities.
Kraken
Since 2011, never hacked. xStocks are wrapper tokens.
Binance
The global giant — unavailable in the Netherlands.
Bybit
Derivatives specialist with an Austrian MiCA licence.
Hyperliquid
On-chain perps DEX without KYC — and without EU protection.
Coinbase
NASDAQ-listed, MiCA + MiFID II, strong custody.
Crypto.com
App-first retail platform with the Visa Card.
Bitstamp
The oldest exchange, now Robinhood-owned.