The European crypto market changes faster than most comparison sites keep up with. Since MiCAR became mandatory in July 2026, exchanges have left the EU, fees have been quietly adjusted, and regulators have issued fines that never appeared in any press release from the platform itself.
This section records what actually happened, with the date it was verified. Which exchanges hold a MiCAR licence and with which regulator. Which hold MiFID II, the licence you need for perpetuals and shares. Which platforms closed or left Europe, and what that meant for their customers. Which fines have been issued worldwide, and what for.
Trackers are updated when something changes rather than on a fixed schedule — the date at the top of each page shows when that last was. Where we could not verify something, it says so explicitly instead of being left out.
A licence, incidentally, is an entrance exam and not a seal of approval. That an exchange holds MiCAR says nothing about its fees, its order book, or how it behaves when things go wrong. That is what the reviews are for.
News briefs
All updates & analysis
To the explainersYour exchange disappears. What happens to your money?
Closed, departing and acquired crypto exchanges in one overview — including withdrawal deadlines and what each exit means.
8 minWarnings, fines and bans per exchange
91 decisions by regulators worldwide, listed per exchange. Every line with the date, the country and a link to the decision itself. Four exchanges have none.
13 min readFines worldwide: the crypto industry's bill
Over $5.5 billion in fines and settlements worldwide, every line sourced to the decision. Four of every five dollars come from a single case.
5 min readLicences worldwide: where the bar is actually high
Dubai stamps almost everyone, Japan almost no one. What a licence is worth per country — Dubai, Europe, Japan, America, Singapore — and which stamps say little.
5 min readAccount freezes at crypto exchanges
The MEXC/White Whale case, risk control and what traders can check in advance.
11 min readDid BitMEX trade against clients?
What the new lawsuit alleges, what BitMEX denies and what has not yet been proven.
8 min readWhich exchanges hold MiCA?
An up-to-date overview based on the ESMA CASP register.
5 min readWhich exchanges hold MiFID II?
The short list of exchanges allowed to offer perpetuals and stocks.
5 min readDNB fines for crypto exchanges
A complete overview of fines with amounts and years.
6 min readStock trading in the EU
What's allowed and who offers it? Real stocks, wrappers and X-Perps.
5 min readPrediction markets in the EU
The legal status and the offering for European users.
5 min readUpcoming EU crypto regulation
From the MiCA review to AMLR: what's coming next?
6 min readReady to compare?
You now know which rules matter. See which licensed exchanges are cheapest for your volume.
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